What is programming?

In programming, a programmer creates a software program that can run on a machine. Programming involves creating code in a formally defined computer language. Programmers use a programming language for this purpose.

Classes and prototypes in JavaScript

Classes and prototypes in JavaScript

There are countless of them in total, such as Java, JavaScript, Python, PHP, C++ or C#, Perl, Rust and many many more. All programs therefore always consist of programmed code in a computer language.

What is programming about?

Programming is about writing a form of text that a machine can understand. This is why such a program text written in a special language is also called machine-readable. This means that a machine, including a computer, can understand and execute this text – created by humans and now also by other machines.

What do I learn from programming?

When learning programming, you will learn how a programming language works. You will understand exactly how even complex software works and how you can write your own programs. With this knowledge, you can command your computer to do anything! You can create new things from scratch.

What does a program need?

For a program to work, it needs a runtime environment – the technical basis in which it is executed. This environment ensures that the program works correctly on the target system by providing all the necessary resources and processes.

How do I create a software program?

As a developer, you create your program in a programming environment of your choice; software developers also call these programming environments Integrated Development Environments, in short IDE.

Software programs are therefore created in a programming environment, and a professional IDE offers you everything you need for development – from code editors and debugging tools to automated test functions. Whether you are writing a simple application or implementing a complex software project, a well-chosen IDE makes the development process more efficient and enjoyable.

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Where do programs run?

Most programs are programmed for computers ; in addition to the widely used personal computers, this also includes alternative devices such as a Raspberry Pi or a smart phone. IoT devices are also programmable devices, as they can be controlled by software programs… Even washing machines, coffee machines and many components in cars are so-called programmable devices.

What is structured programming used for?

Structured programming has proven to be an important method for the systematic design and development of programs. Structured programs are identified as compound function expressions in the algebra of functions. The algebraic properties of these function expressions allow the reformulation (expansion as well as reduction) of a nested sub-expression independently of its environment.

Designing and refining programs with modeling

These model the so-called program refinement and program execution step by step. Finally, structured programming is characterized by the selection and solution of certain elementary equations defined in the algebra of functions. These solutions can be given in general formulas, each containing a single parameter and showing all the freedom in creating correct structured programs.

What is the first program?

The British mathematician Ada Lovelace ‘s rule for calculating Bernoulli numbers is considered to be the world’s first computer program. She created the corresponding program for Charles Babbage ‘s mechanical analytical engine in 1842/1843. Even though the program could only be executed by hand at the time because there was no functioning computer machine in the 19th century, she recognized the great potential of using a machine as a calculator. Ada Lovelace can therefore rightly be considered the world’s first female programmer and the structured programming language Ada was named after her.

What is a problem-oriented programming language?

A problem-oriented programming language is broadly diversified and is developed and effectively used for very different areas such as microprogramming, circuit theory, operations research, information retrieval, sorting theory, structure of compilers, search procedures and language translation. Such a language allows a high degree of useful formalism. Formal computer languages rely heavily on a systematic extension of a small set of basic operations. Such basic operations are then performed on formal objects. These are, for example, vectors, matrices and logical structures such as trees. A variety of flexible selection operations can then be carried out on such objects. For example, a computer program can be used to control logical vectors in a computer game, which represent the game landscape consisting of polygons. On the other hand, there are high-level programming languages that follow the concept of object-oriented programming.

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Frequently asked questions (FAQ) about programs and their development

For beginners, IDEs like Visual Studio Code, PyCharm (Community Edition), or IntelliJ IDEA Community Edition are highly recommended.

They are free, offer an intuitive user interface, and include helpful features like autocomplete, debugging, and syntax highlighting. JetBrains products like PyCharm and IntelliJ IDEA are particularly designed for developer productivity and provide extensive support for a wide range of programming languages.

Yes, it is possible to write programs without an IDE. You can use a simple text editor like Notepad++ or Visual Studio Code in its basic mode to write code and then compile or run it using command-line tools. However, IDEs provide a more efficient workflow with features like debugging, autocomplete, and project management.

For beginners, Python is an excellent choice due to its simple syntax and extensive documentation. Other beginner-friendly languages include JavaScript for web development and Java for learning object-oriented programming concepts. Your choice should depend on your goals, such as web development, data science, or app creation.

A runtime environment is the platform where your program runs, like a browser for JavaScript or the JVM for Java. A development environment, often an IDE, is where you write, debug, and test your code. Both work together but serve different purposes.

The best IDE for your project depends on your programming language and the complexity of your needs. For example, Visual Studio Code is versatile for many languages, PyCharm is great for Python, and IntelliJ IDEA works well for Java. Research the specific features each IDE offers to align with your project requirements.

Software testing ensures your code works as intended and is free from critical bugs. It involves writing and running tests for different parts of your program, such as unit tests for individual functions and integration tests for combined components. Many IDEs support testing frameworks to simplify this process.

Yes, many modern IDEs support multiple programming languages. For instance, Visual Studio Code, IntelliJ IDEA, and JetBrains Rider offer plugins and extensions to work with different languages, making them highly adaptable for diverse projects.

Some of the most important tools in an IDE include:

  • Debugger: For finding and fixing errors in your code.
  • Autocomplete: To speed up coding with suggestions.
  • Syntax highlighting: For better readability.
  • Version control integration: To manage your code history with tools like Git.
  • Build tools: To compile and run your projects seamlessly.

Each IDE offers a unique combination of these tools tailored to specific workflows.